C++ Programming Language

C++ Programming Language – Full Syllabus

Course Overview

This course introduces students to the C++ programming language, covering fundamental concepts through advanced topics including object-oriented programming, memory management, templates, and the Standard Template Library (STL). By the end, students will be able to design, implement, and debug efficient C++ applications.

Module 1: Introduction to C++

History and evolution of C++

Why C++? Use cases in systems, games, finance, embedded, etc.

Compilers, IDEs, and toolchains

Writing your first C++ program

Understanding compilation, linking, and execution

Module 2: Fundamentals of C++

Variables, constants, and data types

Input/Output (cin, cout)

Operators and expressions

Control structures

if, else-if, switch

loops: for, while, do-while

Functions and parameter passing

Scope and lifetime of variables

Module 3: Arrays, Strings, and Pointers

Arrays (1D, 2D)

C-strings (char arrays) vs std::string

Introduction to pointers

Pointer arithmetic

References vs pointers

Dynamic memory using new and delete

Module 4: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Classes and objects

Constructors and destructors

Encapsulation & access specifiers

Static members

Operator overloading

Inheritance

single, multi-level, multiple

Polymorphism

virtual functions

abstract classes

this pointer

Friend functions and classes

Module 5: Memory Management & Advanced Pointer Concepts

Stack vs heap

Dangling pointers, memory leaks

Smart pointers (unique_ptr, shared_ptr, weak_ptr)

Deep vs shallow copying

Move semantics (C++11)

RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization)

Module 6: Templates

Function templates

Class templates

Template specialization

Variadic templates (C++11+)

Module 7: Standard Template Library (STL)

Containers

vector, list, deque, map, set, unordered_map, etc.

Iterators

Algorithms (sort, find, transform, etc.)

Functors, lambdas

Utility components: pair, tuple, optional, etc.

Module 8: File Handling

File streams (ifstream, ofstream, fstream)

Text vs binary file operations

Reading/writing structured data

Module 9: Error Handling

Exceptions in C++

try, catch, throw

Standard exceptions

Custom exception classes

Module 10: Modern C++ (C++11–C++20)

auto, nullptr, constexpr

Lambda expressions

Range-based for loops

Move semantics and rvalue references

Smart pointers (revisited)

std::thread, concurrency basics

Helpful modern libraries

Module 11: Data Structures & Algorithms in C++

Linked lists, stacks, queues, trees

Graph basics

Searching & sorting algorithms

Complexity analysis

Module 12: Project Work

Build a complete C++ application using:

OOP

STL

File handling

Modular design

Examples:

Student management system

Inventory control system

Mini game or simulation

Banking system

Optional Advanced Topics

C++23 features

Template metaprogramming (TMP)

Design patterns in C++

Networking with Boost.Asio

Writing C++ for embedded systems

Game development basics using SDL/OpenGL